Tikka disease of groundnut

Losses due to this disease may go up to 1550% and 70%, if associated with rust puccinia arachidicola. Jul 06, 20 reusable learning object rlo of groundnut from icrisat scientists. At the seedling stage, the absorption of npk was very small, accounting for 5% of the total demand during the whole growth period. Diseases of groundnut 8 fungal diseases bacterial disease virus diseases nematode diseases 8 8 8 8 mp 1. It occurs as well in almost all groundnut growing countries of the world. Highest spore concentration was found in 9th week while onset of first symptom of disease was found in 12th week of the sampling. It contains protein, vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, fats etc. The formation and enrichment, the absorption of nutrients. Tikka disease cause epidemics in all groundnut crop growing countries including united states, china, india etc. Cercospora personata causes infections in the plants which belongs to the plants of the family of leguminosae. Cultural control of tikka disease in groundnut agropedia.

In india 1974, it has been reported from all parts wherever it is cultivated and causes loss to the yield at about 1560%. Small brown to chestnut dusty pustules appear on the lower surface of leaves. In recent advances in groundnut productivity research, proc. Ravindra meteorological office, pune 411 055, india, received 11 june 2002, modified 12 april 2004. Tikka and rust diseases can cause yield losses up to 70% mcdonald et al. The disease caused by this fungus is the leaf spot disease, also known as tikka disease, of groundnut.

To assess prevalence and incidence of tikka disease, 997 farmers fields were visited. Aerobiological investigations were carried out for one season over groundnut arachis hypogea l. Forewarning of tikka disease in gujarat 427 table 2 simple correlation coefficient of tikka disease on groundnut at 1% level s. The tikka disease is a serious disease occurring in areas where the groundnut crop is grown in india. View academics in groundnut tikka disease research papers on academia. Clear disease symptoms were noted in the fields during the season. Introduction tikka disease of groundnut is a disease which also refers to leaf spot disease. The spread is mainly through wind borne inoculum of uredospores.

It occurs as well in almost all groundnutgrowing countries of the world. Growing moderately resistant cultivars like icgv 89104, icgv 91114 em, icgv 920920, icgv 92093 mm. Reports on diseases caused by nematodes in groundnut are very few in india. Biology reader page 17 of 19 the biology encyclopedia. Tikka disease is the major disease of groundnut in india. It is a relatively wellstudied genus of fungus, but there are countless species not yet described, and there is. Control of tikka disease in groundnut the groundnut leaf spots early leaf spot and late leaf spot commonly called as tikka disease cause nearly complete defoliation and yield loss up to 50 per cent or more depending upon disease severity. Mycosphaerella berkeleyii symptoms the disease occurs on all above ground parts of the plant, more severely on the leaves. Introduction groundnut is the most important oilseed crop of india. Tikka disease of groundnut is a disease which also refers to leaf spot disease. The total area under ground nut is about 8 million hectares. Cultural control of early leaf spot in groundnut grow tolerant varieties can be grown wherever early leaf spot is severe. How to manage diseases of groundnut arachis hypogaea, tikka disease cercospora personata cercospora arachidicola, fungal stem rot sclerotium rolfsii, rust, root rot rhizoctonia bataticola.

In uttar pradesh, the disease is locally known as chitwa or haldai. Disease assessment 5 6 6 6 7 diseases of groundnut 8 fungal diseases bacterial disease virus diseases nematode diseases 8 8 8 8 mp 1. Fresh groundnut leaves infected with tikka disease were collected from the green house as well as from the field. Academics in groundnut tikka disease research papers. Integrated pest management in groundnut arachis hypogaea l. The symptoms appear in july and continue upto maturity of the plant. Disease management tamil nadu agricultural university. Diseases of groundnut tikka leaf spots early leaf spot. They commonly attack the plants like groundnut and other legumes. In severe cases, the spots coalesce causing defoliation of the plants. Chakwal, attock, jhelum and rawalpindi during main crop season in 2017. Tikka is a major disease affecting groundnut and all its varieties in india. Oct 15, 2019 cercospora is a genus of ascomycete fungi. The period between the first incidence of pathogen and first.

Management of tikka disease of groundnut by using different. Experiments were carried out for studying the efficiency of leaf extracts of differents botanicals and culture filterates of bioagents for control of tikka diasease of groundnut. Inheritance of rust resistance in groundnut arachis hypogaea. The first visible symptoms appear on the leaflets of lower leaves as dark spots which at a later stage, are surrounded by yellow rings. The uredospores also spread as contamination of seeds and pods. Station period n intensity tmax tmin rh1 rh2 1 ahmedabad 21 sep 1991 to 11 oct 1991 21 severe 0. It occurs as two distinct types of leaf spot, namely, early leaf spot and late leaf spot. Rust puccinia arachidis symptoms the disease attacks all aerial parts of the plant. This is the most important fungal disease of groundnut. Most species have no known sexual stage, and when the sexual stage is identified, it is in the genus mycosphaerella. Tikka is a major diseaseaffecting groundnut and all its varieties in india.

Summer institute, nrcg icar 1983, junagadh india, p. The parents, f 1s and f 2 populations were evaluated for rust resistance. Superficial fungal growth was scraped with blade and incorporated water. The causal organism of tikka disease are the species of the genus cercospora namely cercospora arachidicola and cercospora personata. The leaf spot or tikka disease cercospora arachidicola and cercosporidium personatum of groundnut arachis hypogea l. The use of leaf extracts of differents botanicals and boigagents was found to be effective. Due to its high nutritional value it is consumed and produce. Most species of this genus cause plant diseases, and form leaf spots. Before sowing treat the seed with thiram or carboxin 37.

It is a relatively wellstudied genus of fungus, but there are countless species not yet described, and there is still much to learn about the bestknown of. A scientific breakthrough on the dna sequencing of the groundnut promises the development of improved groundnut varieties with enhanced traits such as increased pod and oil yield, drought and heat tolerance and greater disease resistance. To monitor tikka or cercospora leaf spot disease of groundnut, surveys were carried out in the groundnut areas of four major districts of pothwar region viz. Mahmood ul hassan have been found satisfactory for the requirement of the degree. The fungus also survives in infected plant debris in soil. Aug 11, 2015 introduction groundnut is the most important oilseed crop of india.

Forewarning of incidence of tikka disease on groundnut and operational crop protection using weather information in gujarat r. It occurs in every state in india and in every ground of nutgrowing countries of the world. Surender kumar, shweta jaiswal, abhilasha a lal, amit kumar and ankur verma abstract leaf spots are the most serious diseases of groundnut arachis hypogaea l. Groundnut cultivation practices peanut farming in india. Disease cycle the pathogen survives as uredospores on volunter groundnut plants. Integrated disease management in groundnut agropedia. Good weed control is helpful as dense weed growth encourages disease development. Determination of seed resistance to colonization by aspergillus flavus 9 10 10 11 mp 5. The demand for nutrients varies from peanut to maturity. To monitor tikka or cercospora leaf spot disease of groundnut, surveys were carried out in the groundnut areas of four major districts of pothwar region. Certified that the contents and form of thesis entitled genetic transformation of groundnut for resistance to tikka disease submitted by mr. Introduction arachis hypogaea also known as groundnut or peanut is a legume plant of fabacea family with high nutritional values. The groundnut leaf spots early leaf spot and late leaf spot commonly called as tikka disease cause nearly complete defoliation and yield loss up to 50 per cent or more depending upon. Prevalence and incidence of tikka disease cercospora spp.

Dark brown to almost black circular spots appear on leaves, petiole, and stem. Tikka disease of groundnut my files file catalog alladis. As the disease is soilborne, proper crop rotation is important. All parts of the host plant above soil level are attacked by the disease. Groundnut or peanut arachis hypogea botany study material. Conidia of cercospora arachidicola seen under foldscope. Integrated pest management in groundnut arachis hypogaea. Pdf prevalence and incidence of tikka disease cercospora. The crosses were generated by crossing resistant genotypes viz. The leaf spot or tikka disease cercospora arachidicola and cercosporidium personatum of groundnut arachis hypogaea l. Effect of botanicals and biofungicide on controlling tikka. The spots appear on the host leaves when the plants are one or two months old. Click to share on twitter opens in new window click to share on facebook opens in new window related. In case of attack by cercosporidium personatum, the leaf spots are circular 16 mm dia.

The leaf spots are also known as tikka disease incited by two species of fungus cercospora arachidicola and cercopora phaeoisariopsis personata. Tikka disease is a common fungal disease of groundnut. Forewarning of incidence of tikka disease on groundnut and. These are caused by two different species of fungi. Plant disease plant pathology one liners 5 agri exam. Lesions appear on the leaves, when the plants are atleast two months old.

This disease is characterised by dark spots on aerial part of the plant, mainly leaves. Intercropping pearl millet or sorghum with groundnut 1. Systematic position the fungus belongs to class deuteromycetes. Pathogen disease incited by a fungus cercospora personata. The yield loss was calculated in the groundnut variety dhaka1 due to early and late leaf spot by. Rainsplash and implements also help in dissemination. How to manage diseases of groundnut arachis hypogaea. Nov 26, 2014 the groundnut leaf spots early leaf spot and late leaf spot commonly called as tikka disease cause nearly complete defoliation and yield loss up to 50 per cent or more depending upon. The major diseases of groundnut can be managed through a variety of methods like use of resistanttolerant cultivars, cultural practices, bi oc ont ro l ag en ts b io pe st ic id es, an d n ee.